编著：帕提曼

　　印刷时间：2008年10月

　　出版社：民族出版社

　　ISBN：9787105096305

《哈萨克族民俗文化——暨哈萨克族研究资料索引(1875-2005)》

　　主要内容

　　哈萨克族主要分布在我国和哈萨克斯坦国等地方，学术界一般称哈萨克族是跨境民族（或跨界民族）。在历史长河的演变中，哈萨克族在新疆、中亚等草原上过着逐水草而居的游牧生活。我国的哈萨克族主要分布于新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁哈萨克自治州、木垒哈萨克自治县和巴里坤哈萨克自治县，以及甘肃省阿克塞哈萨克自治县和青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州。哈萨克族使用哈萨克语，属于阿尔泰语系突语族克普恰克语支，历史上哈萨克先民曾使用过鄂尔浑一叶尼塞文、回文。

　　哈萨克族与中国历史上的古代民族乌孙、突厥、葛逻禄、回鹘、契丹、克烈、乃蛮、饮察等有渊源关系。哈萨克族有着丰富的民族文化，游牧文化在哈萨克族游牧、迁徙过程中吸收周围民族的文化内容，创造出了具有特色的哈萨克民族文化。

　　哈萨克族在历史变迁中产生并传承了丰富的民俗事项。哈萨克族的先民曾信奉过萨满教、景教、佛教、基督教等，8世纪后开始信仰伊斯兰教。

　　哈萨克族家庭实行父系家长制，过去允许一夫多妻，传统上实行“安明格尔”婚姻制度和幼子继承制，至今还保留“还子俗”。

　　哈萨克族饮食主要有肉、奶以及面类食品。肉食中以羊肉最多，牛肉次之，马肉为佳品，有煮、炒、烤等制法；奶制品有酥油、奶皮子、酸奶子、奶疙磨等；面食主要有、包尔萨克、别斯巴尔玛克、纳仁、奶子面条：米食有抓饭、炒小麦、小麦饭等。

　　总之，哈萨克族的民俗事项丰富多彩，本书就是作者经过多年的调查和积累的哈萨克族民俗的成果，也是哈萨克族生活历史的真实记录。

　　目录

　　前言·······································1

　　第一章 哈萨克族源流一一族源、历史、分布·······················5

　　第二章 哈萨克族的宗教信仰及习俗··························10

　　一、哈萨克族的宗教信仰·······························10

　　二、宗教信仰习俗··································10

　　第三章 哈萨克族服饰品································17

　　一、男子服饰····································17

　　（一）头饰······································17

　　（二）衣裤······································18

　　（三）鞋袜······································19

　　二、妇女服饰·····································20

　　（一）头饰······································20

　　（二）衣裤······································21

　　（三）鞋袜······································23

　　三、哈萨克族传统服饰的变异与传承···························25

　　第四章 哈萨克族饮食·································25

　　一、饮食类别·····································25

　　（一）茶类······································25

　　（二）奶类······································27

　　（三）饮料······································29

　　（四）肉类······································30

　　（五）面食······································34

　　（六）其他类·····································37

　　二、饮食用具·····································38

　　（一）炊具······································38

　　（二）餐具······································39

　　（三）容器······································40

　　第五章 哈萨克族的居住·································42

　　一、大毡房······································44

　　二、小毡房·······································46

　　三、“我陶吾”·····································46

　　四、毡房的陈设和布置··································46

　　五、其他住房······································48

　　第六章 哈萨克族的交通运输·····················50

　　一、交通运输···························50

　　二、转场······························51

　　第七章 哈萨克族的婚姻、家庭····················54

　　一、婚烟······························54

　　（一）哈萨克族的婚制度·······················54

　　（二）结婚礼仪···························59

　　二、家庭······························81

　　三、哈萨克族人名··························83

　　第八章 哈萨克族的节日························85

　　第九章 哈萨克族的人生礼俗······················90

　　一、出生礼······························92

　　二、摇床礼······························94

　　三、满月礼······························95

　　四、走路礼······························96

　　五、周岁礼······························97

　　六、剪发礼······························97

　　七、骑马礼······························97

　　八、割礼·······························98

　　九、狩猎礼······························100

　　十、葬礼·······························100

　　（一）报丧······························101

　　（二）吊唁······························103

　　（三）净身······························105

　　（四）赎罪仪式····························105

　　（五）送葬······························106

　　（六）哀悼······························108

　　（七）祭祀······························110

　　第十章 哈萨克族的娱乐活动·······················131

　　一、独特的马上娱乐活动·························114

　　（一）叼羊·······························114

　　（二）赛马·······························116

　　（三）姑娘追······························124

　　二、摔跤································126

　　三、拔棍比赛······························128

　　四、儿童娱乐活动····························128

　　第十一章 哈萨克族的待人接物·······················114

　　一、尊老爱幼·······························114

　　二、热情待客·······························126

　　（一）哈萨克族在待客时的禁忌·······················138

　　（二）作为客人的禁忌···························138

　　三、相互济助······························139

　　第十二章 哈萨克族的天文历法·······················142

　　一、天文知识·······························142

　　二、历法·································145

　　第十三章 哈萨克族民间艺术························149

　　一、民间音乐·······························149

　　二、民间舞蹈·······························150

　　三、民间乐器·······························153

　　四、民间乐曲·······························156

　　五、阿肯弹唱会······························157

　　六、民间工艺美术·····························160

　　（一）雕刻································160

　　（二）刺绣·······························161

　　（三）镶嵌装饰图案····························163

　　第十四章  哈萨克族民间文学························165

　　一、民间传说·······························165

　　（一）氏族起源传说····························165

　　（二）社会风俗传说····························167

　　（三）乐曲传说······························168

　　（四）乐器传说······························170

　　（五）天体传说······························175

　　（六）人物传说······························177

　　二、神话·································179

　　三、民间故事·······························182

　　四、民间叙事诗······························182

　　（一）英雄叙事诗·····························183

　　（二）婚姻爱情叙事诗···························184

　　五、谚语·································188

　　六、谜语·································191

　　七、绕口令································194

　　八、民歌·································194

　　（一）喜庆、婚俗类民歌··························195

　　（二）哀伤、丧葬类民歌··························195

　　（三）对唱································197

　　（四）巴塔································203

　　（五）宗教节日歌·····························207

　　（六）曰常生活类民歌···························210

　　第十五章 哈萨克族民间医学·························224

　　一、民间医学知识·····························225

　　（一）民间医学······························225

　　（二）疾病预防······························227

　　（三）食疗保健······························228

　　二、民间兽医知识·····························229

　　第十六章 哈萨克族社会经济························224

　　一、畜牧业································230

　　二、农业·································235

　　三、手工业································236

　　（一）羊毛加工······························236

　　（二）皮革加工······························238

　　（三）铁器加工······························239

　　（四）木器加工······························239

　　（五）食品加工······························240

　　四、商业·································241

　　五、狩猎·································242

　　六、林业·································245

　　结束语··································247

　　哈萨克族研究资料索引···························250

　　论文部分·································250

　　著作部分·································356

　　主要参考文献·······························372

　　后记···································374